Sommario
Culture 2000
- NOTE
-
- *
This
essay is based on the thesis by Anna Maria Rugarli, "Slavery at
the Cape Colony from Acquisition to the Process of Creolization,
c. 1790-1830", presented at the Faculty of Political Sciences of
the Universita' degli Studi, Milan, Italy on November 18th, 1998.
The supervisor was Prof. Itala Vivan, and the discussant Prof.
Maurizio Antonioli. For a background on slavery and the process of
creolization at the Cape of Good Hope Colony, see the previous
issue of CULTURE (1999: 75-96).
- 1
The definitions of 'Prize Negroes' and 'Prize
Slaves' were found in the records, as well as 'Prize Boys' and
'Prize Slaves'. For instance, see Cape Archives, Slave Office,
Book of Complaints 4/2 and Book of Inquiry 4/5 respectively case
nr. 8 and pp. 9, 10, 14, 17, 22.
- 2
Slavery caused a massive mix of races in the Cape
Colony. It is worthwile underlining here that slaves were imported
into the colony from Madagascar, Mozambique, India, Ceylon, and
South-East Asia. When the first settlers arrive at the Cape in
1652, they were forbidden to enslave native populations by the
Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie (the Dutch East India Company)
that established the settlement. As a matter of facts, Prize
Negroes were practically treated and lived as slaves, therefore
they participated to the process of creolization as
such.
- 3
Respectively CA, SO 4/2-4/3 (1826-1834), and 4/5-4/8
(1826-1834).
- 4
Cape of Good Hope Gazette, Ordinance Number
Nineteen, 1826.
- 5
CA, SO 4/2 case nr. 8.
- 6
CA, SO 4/2 case nr. 8.
- 7
Ibidem.
- 8
Ibidem.
- 9
CA, SO 4/5 case nr. 8, p. 22.
- 10
Proclamation of the 29th April 1827 in the Cape of
Good Hope Gazzette, 1827.
- 11
Ibidem.
- 12
CA, CO 9 Items 27 and 28.
- 13
CA, SO case nr. 8, p. 30.
- 14
Mr van Ryneveld was also part of the Commission of
Inquiry together with Clemens Matthiessen and T.
Dashwood.
- 15
CA, SO 4/5 case nr. 8, p. 30.
- 16
CA, SO 3/1 Report of the Protector of Slaves nr. 3,
Report of Proceedings of the Registrar and Guardian of Slaves at
the Cape of Good Hope during the Half Year Ending, 24th June
1827.
- 17
Ibidem.
- 18
CA, SO 4/5 case nr. 8, p. 22.
- 19
Ibidem.
- 20
Ibidem.
- 21
CA, SO 4/5 case nr. 8, p. 14.
- 22
I.e. modern Mamre. It was established in 1808 as a
Moravian Mission Station. The land was granted by the British at
the Cape under the governorship of Lord Caledon (see Ward:
1992).
- 23
Ibidem.
- 24
CA, SO 4/5 nr. 61, p. 98.
- 25
Ibidem.
- 26
CA, SO 5/1, p. 225. See also CA SO 2/11 Letter Book
(1826-1830), pp. 6 (18th August 1826), 56 (26th January 1827) and
119 (6th July 1827).
- 27
CA, SO 4/5 nr. 8, respectively pp. 6, 10, 14, 17
and 22.
- 28
CA, SO 4/5 nr. 8, 16th August 1826,
p.r6.
- 29
The Bokkeveld is a rural area North of Cape
Town.
- 30
CA, SO 4/2 case nr. 8, 16th August
1826.
- 31
On the matter of illegal imports of slaves after
1808 see Reidy (1997: 75-76).
- 32
There are quite a few slave narratives in the
United States. On the matter see Douglass (1986) and Armellin
(1975). Moreover see Blassingame (ed., 1989) and Curtin (ed.,
1967).
-
- Torna
su
-
Bibliography
- PRIMARY
SOURCES:
-
- Cape Archives (CA),
Slave Office
- Reports of the
Protector of Slaves:
- 3/1-3/20
(1826-1834)
- Books of Complaints:
- 4/2-4/3
(1826-1834)
- Books of
Inquiry:
- 4/5-4/8
(1826-1834)
- Day Books:
- 5/1-5/10
(1826-1834)
- Colonial Office, 9
Items 27 and 28
-
- SECONDARY
SOURCES:
-
- ARMELLIN, B. (ed.) (1975), La
condizione dello schiavo, Torino, Einaudi.
- BLASSINGAME, J. W. (ed.) (1989),
Slave Testimony: Two Centuries of Letters, Speeches, Interviews
and Autobiographies, Baton Rouge, Louisiana State University
Press.
- CURTIN, Ph. D. (ed.) (1967),
Africa Remembered: Narratives by West Africans from the Era of the
Slave Trade, Madison, London, University of Wisconsin
Press.
- DOUGLASS, F. (1986), Narrative of
the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, New York,
Penguin.
- PATTERSON, O. (1982), Slavery and
Social Death: A Comparative Study, Cambridge, Massachusetts,
Harvard University Press.
- BANK, A. (1995), The Decline of
Urban Slavery and Emancipation in the Cape Colony in South Africa,
1806-1834, Cape Town, Centre for African Studies, Communication
nr. 22, University of Cape Town.
- CRAIS, C. and WORDEN, N. (eds)
(1994), Breaking the Chains: Slavery and Its Legacy in the
Nineteenth Century Cape Colony, Johannesburg, Witwatersrand
University Press.
-
- UNPUBLISHED
SECONDARY SOURCES:
-
- DOOLING, W. (1989), Slaves,
Slaveowners and Amelioration in Graaff-Reinet, 1823-1830, BA Hons
thesis, University of Cape Town.
- IANNINI, C. (1995), Contracted
Chattel: Indentured and Apprenticed Labor in Cape Town, c.
1808-1840, MA thesis, University of Cape Town.
- MASON, J. E. (1992), 'Fit for
Freedom': The Slaves, Slavery and Emancipation in the Cape Colony,
South Africa, 1806 to 1842, PhD thesis, Yale
University.
- RAYNER, M. (1986), Wine and
Slaves: The Failure of an Export Economy at the Ending of Slavery
in the Cape Colony, 1806-1834, PhD thesis, Duke
University.
- REIDY, M. (1997), The Admission of
Slaves and 'Prize Slaves' into the Cape Colony, 1797-1818 MA
thesis, University of Cape Town.
- SPUY, van der, P. (1993), A
Collection of Discrete Essays on Gender and Cape Slavery in the
Early Nineteenth Century, MA thesis, University of Cape
Town.
-
- NOTE
